Development

During the FT Global Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Conference, held this week in London, United Kingdom, a panel of executives from pharmaceutical companies, together with a scientist whose focus is on economics, discussed the increasingly challenging problem of paying for innovative therapies, particularly in a context of heightened political pressure around high drug costs.

On Sunday, during the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)’s 2019 meeting, being held in Atlanta, Georgia, researchers reported on the safety and efficacy of the proposed infliximab biosimilar ABP 710 in a phase 3 study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Researchers also reported on a phase 1 and 3 study of the proposed rituximab biosimilar, ABP 798, in patients with RA.

This week, multiple biosimilar developers announced major moves forward for their businesses, with Coherus BioSciences making a new acquisition, Celltrion reporting continued growth for its business, Bio-Thera Solutions gaining the first-ever approval of an adalimumab biosimilar from China’s National Medical Products Administration, and Alvotech and Stada entering into a 7-biosimilar partnership in Europe.

Novartis Friday announced results from a head-to-head trial of its secukinumab (Cosentyx) versus adalimumab in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA), saying its therapy missed statistical significance for its primary end point.

Biosimilars are beginning to gain momentum, even in the sluggish US market, evidenced by strong US and global sales reported this month by some of the top biosimilar players.

Drug maker Revance Therapeutics has announced positive results from its SAKURA clinical program for its daxibotulinumtoxinA, a novel botulinum toxin type A that it hopes will compete with brand-name Botox, or onabotulinumtoxinA.

Drug maker Formycon announced today that it has begun a phase 1 clinical trial of its proposed ustekinumab biosimilar, FYB202, referencing Stelara. Ustekinumab is the first available therapy to target the interleukin-12 and -23 pathway.

In December 2018, biosimilar developer Amgen announced that it had submitted its proposed infliximab biosimilar, ABP 710, referencing Remicade, to the FDA for review. A regulatory decision is expected shortly, and last week, researchers published detailed results from the biosimilar’s phase 1 clinical study that evaluated the pharmacokinetic (PK) similarity of the biosimilar with its reference.

NeuClone said Thursday that it has begun dosing participants with its proposed ustekinumab biosimilar, referencing Stelara, in a phase 1 trial.

While biosimilar stakeholders’ eyes have been on the recent launch of new products and on policy proposals that stand to impact these therapies, several new proposed biosimilar agents are making their way into clinical trials.

The Center for Biosimilars® recaps the top stories for the week of September 23, 2019.

This month, Elena Wolff-Holz, MD, PhD, chair of the European Medicines Agency’s (EMA’s) Biosimilar Medicinal Products Working Party, together with coauthors from the EMA and the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices in Germany, published a new paper in which the team outlines the extent of clinical confirmation of biosimilarity, taken together with analytical and functional data, that is considered necessary for biosimilar drugs to be approved in Europe.

A team of authors points out that, given batch-to-batch variation of all biologics that can be enhanced by manufacturing changes, no batches of biologics can be considered identical to one another. However, “they may be considered essentially equal and therapeutically indistinguishable,” which points to a clinically acceptable range of structural heterogeneity for any biologic.

China-based drug maker TOT Biopharm is developing TAB008 as a biosimilar of the reference bevacizumab, Avastin. TOT has recently indicated that it is in the midst of a phase 3 clinical trial of the biosimilar, and last month, results of a phase 1 study of the biosimilar were published in Frontiers in Pharmacology.

In a filing with the US Securities and Exchange Commission this month, Silicon Valley-based biotech company Revance Therapeutics said that it has entered into an amendment to a Collaboration and License Agreement with Mylan; the amendment extends the period of time Mylan has to decide whether to continue to develop and commercialize a biosimilar of Allergan’s onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox).

Instead of the “totality of the evidence” approach to biosimilars, authors of a new paper propose a “confirmation of sufficient likeness” paradigm.

Sandoz announced today that it has enrolled its first patient in a combined phase 1 and phase 3 study of its proposed denosumab biosimilar versus EU-authorized Prolia.

The FDA has released updated draft guidance on population pharmacokinetics (PK). The update follows draft guidance originally put forth by the agency in 1999.

Republic of Korea–based drug maker Celltrion announced this week that it is launching its first clinical trial of CT-P39, a proposed biosimilar omalizumab referencing Xolair. The company says that it plans to enter phase 3 trials in the first half of 2020 and has plans to commercialize the biosimilar by 2022.

The attributes for the N-glycan profile, FcγRIIIa binding activity, and relative antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity for the reference trastuzumab resulted in reduced ADCC and FcγRIIIa binding activities.

NeuClone announced yesterday that it will initiate a phase 1 clinical trial of its ustekinumab biosimilar, referencing Stelara, in the second half of 2019. Ustekinumab, a human interleukin-12 and -23 antagonist, is approved by the FDA to treat plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn disease.

Genor Biopharma, a China-based drug developer that is engaged in development of a number of biosimilars, has completed a phase 1 study of a proposed infliximab biosimilar, GB242, referencing Remicade.

While the United States awaits the launch of its first biosimilar rituximab, other regulatory jurisdictions have biosimilars referencing Rituxan already available on the market. One such product, available in South America, the Middle East, and Africa, is RTXM83, developed by drug maker mAbxience.

Between reference infliximab and biosimilar infliximab CT-P13 (Inflectra, Remsima), different recommendations exist for the clinical solutions. Recently, a research article, published in BioDrugs, assessed and compared the stability of the solutions prepared from the originator and the biosimilar using a set of characterization methods in line with International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use recommendations.

Korean drug maker Celltrion announced that it has completed enrollment in its phase 3 clinical trial of CT-P17.

Pfizer’s biosimilar filgrastim, Nivestym, was approved by the FDA in July 2018 and launched in the United States in October 2018. Among the data on which the approval was based were 3 comparative clinical assessments of the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), immunogenicity, and safety of the biosimilar versus the US-licensed reference filgrastim (Neupogen) in both male and female healthy volunteers. Results from these studies were reported in full last week.

During the second day of the Medicines for Europe 17th Biosimilar Medicines Conference, held March 28-29 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, a panel of experts discussed the current state of the regulatory landscape and considerations for tailoring clinical programs in the years ahead.

During the BioTech Pharma third annual Biosimilars and Biologics Summit, held March 21 to 22 in Porto, Portugal, João Gonçalves, PhD, group leader and principal investigator at Research Institute for Medicines in Portugal, discussed ways in which biosimilar developers can anticipate—and avoid—issues with immunogenicity.

During the first day of the BioTech Pharma third annual Biosimilars and Biologics Summit, held March 21 to 22 in Porto, Portugal, Barbara Valenta-Singer, MD, chief medical officer of biosimilars at Fresenius-Kabi SwissBioSim, gave an expert perspective on the past 10-plus years of experience with biosimilars in the European and US contexts.

According to the investigators, their data support the further development of CT-P16 as a bevacizumab biosimilar.